Copper Base Alloys

TEMPER DESIGNATIONS of Wrought Copper - Base Alloys Brass and Phosphor Bronze

B & S Numbers Reduction	Description	Approximate % Reduction by Cold Working Strip
0	Soft Temper	None
1	Quarter Hard Temper	10.9%
2	Half Hard Temper	20.7%
3	Three Quarter Hard Temper	29.4%
4	Hard Temper	37.1
6	Extra Hard Temper	50.0%
8	Spring Temper	60.5%
10	Extra Spring Temper	68.7%

B&S Gage Numbers
Note: Numbers Hard - (Brown and Sharpe) is a standard system wherein temper is expressed by the number of B & S gage numbers as cold reduced in thickness from a previous annealing - for each B & S gage number in thickness as cold reduced there is assigned a hardness value of 1/4 hard. To illustrate: one number hard = 1/4 hard temper, two numbers hard = 1/2 hard, etc.

Temper		Hardness
Annealed		Commercially Soft
Quarter Hard		One Number Hard
Half Hard		Two Numbers Hard
Hard Temper		Four Numbers Hard
Extra hard		Six Numbers Hard
Spring Temper		Eight Numbers Hard
Extra Spring Temper		Ten Numbers Hard